Structural Changes in Radio and Impacts on Music Listeners

The current study explores structural changes in radio and assesses their impact on music listeners Pakistan utilizing the theoretical underpinnings of political economy communication. A mixed-method approach was used to answer research questions evaluate hypotheses. contextual analysis utilized qualitative after interviews with 14 experts Pakistani industry were transcribed. Cross-tabulation chi-square test, Independent Sample T-test, AVOVA Tukey tests analyze survey responses from 200 respondents order determine correlations between variables. findings show that trends industry's deregulation commercialization have curtailed access a varied range Pakistan. According research, deregulation, licensing fees, new license restriction Indian music, revenue generation, nonprofit FM all limited diverse spectrum This trend also leads broadcast media produce disseminate more entertainment programming rather than information education programs.